【JLPT N3 Grammar】〜ずに(~zuni)
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Explanation:〜ずに

Meaning
"without doing"
It means the same as “~ないで,” but “~ずに” is a little more formal style.
Used to indicate doing something without performing a certain action.

Form
V(nai form)ない + ずに
Exception: The verb "する" becomes "せずに."(not しずに)

ex.
たべない → たべずに
のまない → のまずに
いかない → いかずに

Points

  1. Negative Form: "〜ずに" is a negative construction, expressing that an action is done without performing another action.
  2. Alternative to "〜ないで": It’s a more formal or literary equivalent of "〜ないで."
  3. Attaches to Verbs: This expression is typically attached to verbs to indicate the action that was not done.

JLPT Level
N3



Sample sentenes

朝あさごはんを食たべずに学校がっこうへ行いった。
I went to school without eating breakfast.

彼かれは何なにも言いわずに部屋へやを出でて行いった。
He left the room without saying anything.

息子むすこは朝寝坊あさねぼうしたので、ご飯はんも食たべずに会社かいしゃに向むかった。
My son headed for his office without eating breakfast because he overslept.

私わたしはサラダにドレッシングをかけずに食たべます。
I eat salad without putting some dressing.

私は毎日まいにち、電気でんきを消けさずに寝ねます。
I sleep without turning off the light everyday.

JLPTの勉強べんきょうは大変たいへんですが、あきらめずに頑張がんばります。
Studying JLPT is tough but I will do my best without giving up.

友達ともだちに借かりた本ほんを読よまずに、返かえしてしまった。
I returned the book that I borrowed from my friend without reading it.

昨日きのうはどこへも行いかずに、家いえでずっとゲームをしていました。
I was playing video games at home yesterday without going anywhere.

5時じになるとトムさんは何なにも言いわずに帰かえってしまった。
When it 5 o’clock came, Tom had gone home without saying anything.

Vocabulary

Japanese
English
朝ごはんあさごはんbreakfast
朝寝坊するあさねぼうするto oversleep
向かうむかうto head for

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