【JLPT N1 Grammar】〜なくしては（~nakushitewa）

2020年4月12日 2024年10月11日

Explanation：〜なくしては

Meaning
"〜がなければ・・・ない"

Used to convey that without something, a particular result or outcome cannot be achieved. It emphasizes the necessity of something for another event or action to occur. This phrase can be translated as "without," "if not for," or "without doing" in English. It often suggests that the action or situation described in the latter part of the sentence cannot happen unless the condition in the first part is fulfilled.

Form
V（dictionary form）こと + なくして（は）
N + なくして（は）

Points

Necessity: "〜なくしては" expresses that something is indispensable for a certain outcome.
Hypothetical Condition: The phrase creates a hypothetical condition where the absence of the first element leads to the impossibility of the second.
Common in Formal and Written Language: It is often used in formal contexts or written language but can appear in spoken language when emphasizing the importance of something.

JLPT Level
N1

Sample sentenes

努力どりょくなくして、成功せいこうなどない。
Without effort, there is no success.

親おやの援助えんじょなくしては、一人ひとりで生活せいかつなんてできない。
Without parental support, I cannot live alone.

彼かれなくしては、このプロジェクトは成功せいこうしなかっただろう。
Without him, this project would not have succeeded.

彼女かのじょなくしては、生いきていけません。
I cannot live without her.

親おやの愛あいなくして、子こは十分じゅうぶんに育そだちません。
Without parental love, a child cannot grow up properly.

Vocabulary

Japanese		English
援助	えんじょ	support / help